5.4 - Troubleshooting drives, boot order and display

CompTIA A+ Core 1 objective 5.4 covers drive detection, boot and display problems. A newly installed SSD that appears in BIOS/UEFI but not in the OS simply needs to be initialised and formatted in Disk Management. A PC that suddenly reports 'No operating system found', though it worked yesterday, usually needs its boot order and drive detection checked. For displays, a screen that flickers only at certain refresh rates should be set to a supported rate and the video cable reseated. After a Windows update that leaves the desktop stuck at a low, stretched resolution, install or roll back the GPU driver and set the native resolution. Expect scenario questions that describe a missing drive, a boot failure or a display glitch and ask for the correct fix.

Memory hook
New SSD in BIOS but not OS = initialise/format in Disk Management. 'No OS found' but worked yesterday = check boot order/detection. Flicker at some refresh rates = set supported rate, reseat cable. Stuck low res after update = GPU driver + native res.

Practice questions

1. A newly installed SSD is not detected in the OS, but it appears in BIOS/UEFI. What is the BEST next step?

  • Replace the newly installed SSD
  • Initialize and format it in Disk Management (correct answer)
  • Reinstall the graphics card display driver
  • Update the motherboard system BIOS

A new drive seen in BIOS but not in the OS usually just needs initializing/partitioning/formatting in Disk Management.

2. A PC displays 'No operating system found' at boot, though it worked yesterday. What is a likely first check?

  • Replace the system processor
  • Check boot order and drive detection (correct answer)
  • Reinstall the graphics card driver
  • Add more system memory (RAM)

'No OS found' often means a changed boot order, a disconnected/failed boot drive, or a non-bootable device first.

3. A screen flickers only at certain refresh rates. What should you try?

  • Physically replace the whole system CPU
  • Set a supported rate, reseat the video cable (correct answer)
  • Add more installed system memory (RAM)
  • Reformat the entire system boot disk

Flicker often comes from an unsupported refresh rate or a marginal cable — set a supported rate and check the cable/connector.

4. After a Windows update, the desktop is stuck at a low resolution and looks stretched. What is the fix?

  • Replace the whole external display monitor
  • Install/roll back the GPU driver, set native res (correct answer)
  • Add more system memory (RAM) modules
  • Reinstall the Microsoft Office application suite

Stuck low/stretched resolution usually means a generic/missing GPU driver — install the proper driver and set the native resolution.

5. A display shows faint 'ghost' remnants of a static taskbar after long use. This is:

  • Dead display pixels
  • Burn-in / image persistence (correct answer)
  • A no-signal condition
  • An incorrect resolution

Persistent ghost images of static content are burn-in/image persistence (more on OLED) — vary content, use screen savers.

6. An external monitor shows nothing, but Windows detects a second display. What should you check?

  • The main system processor
  • The monitor input and projection mode (correct answer)
  • The installed memory modules
  • The connected external keyboard

If Windows sees the display but it's blank, verify the monitor's input source and Windows' projection mode (Win+P: extend/duplicate).

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